The Batsman is Out.

RULE 41. The Batsman is out

Sec. 1. If he fails to take his position at the bat in his order of batting, unless the error be discovered and the proper Batsman takes his position before a fair hit has been made and in such case the balls and strikes called must be counted in the time at bat of the proper Batsman; provided, this rule shall not take effect unless the out is claimed and allowed before the ball is delivered to the succeeding Batsman.

Sec. 2. If he fails to take his position within one minute after the Umpire has called for the Batsman.

Sec. 3. If he makes a Foul Hit, and the ball be held by a Fielder before touching the ground, provided it be not caught in a Fiedler's hat or cap, or touch some object other than the Fielder before being caught.

Sec. 4. If he makes a Foul Strike.

Sec. 5. If he attempts to hinder the Catcher from fielding the ball, evidently without effort to make a fair hit.

Sec. 6. If, while the First Base be occupied by a Base Runner, three strikes be called on him by the Umpire, except when two men are already out.

Sec. 7. If, while making the third strike, the ball hits his person or clothing.

Sec. 8. If, after two strikes have been called, the Batsman obviously attempts to make a foul hit, as in Sec. 3, Rule 39.

Sec. 9. If, where there is a Base Runner on the First Base and less than two players on the side at bat have been put out in the inning then being played, the Batsman make a fair hit so that the ball falls within the infield, and the ball touches any Fielder whether held by him or not before it touches the ground.

Base Running Rules.

RULE 42. The Batsman becomes a Base Runner

Sec. 1. Instantly after he makes a Fair Hit.

Sec. 2. Instantly after four balls have been called by the Umpire.

Sec. 3. Instantly after three strikes have been called by the Umpire.

Sec. 4. If, while he be a batsman, his person or clothing be hit by a ball from the Pitcher, unless - in the opinion of the Umpire - he intentionally permits himself to be so hit.

Sec. 5. Instantly after an illegal delivery of a ball by the Pitcher.

Bases to be Touched.

RULE 43. The Base Runner must touch each Base in regular order, viz: First, Second, Third and Home Bases; and when obliged to return (except on a foul hit) must retouch the base or bases in reverse order. He shall only be considered as holding a base after touching it, and shall then be entitled to hold such base until he has legally touched the next base in order, or has been legally forced to vacate it for a succeeding Base Runner.

Entitled to Bases.

RULE 44. The Base Runner shall be entitled, without being put out, to take one base in the following cases:

Sec. 1. If, while he was Batsman, the Umpire called four balls.

Sec. 2. If the Umpire awards a succeeding Batsman a Base on four balls, or for being hit with a pitched ball, or in case of an illegal delivery - as in RULE 42. Sec. 5 - and the Base Runner is thereby forced to vacate the base held by him.

Sec. 3. If the Umpire calls a "balk."

Sec. 4. If a ball delivered by the Pitcher pass the Catcher and touch the Umpire or any fence or building.

Sec. 5. If, upon a fair hit the ball strikes the person or clothing of the Umpire on fair ground.

Sec. 6. If he be prevented from making a base by the obstruction of an adversary.

Sec. 7. If the Fielder stop or catch a batted ball with his hat or cap.

Returning to Bases.

RULE 45. The Base Runner shall return to his base, and shall be entitled to so return without being put out.

Sec. 1. If the Umpire declares a Foul Hit which is not legally caught by a Fielder.

Sec. 2. If the Umpire declares a Foul strike.

Sec. 3. If the Umpire declares a Dead Ball, unless it be also the fourth bad ball, and he thereby forced to take the next base, as provided in RULE 44, Sec. 2.

Sec. 4. If the person or clothing of the Umpire is struck by a ball thrown by the catcher to intercept a Base Runner.

When Base Runners are Out.

RULE 46. The Base Runner is out

Sec. 1. If, after three strikes have been declared against him while Batsman, and the catcher fail to catch the third strike ball, he plainly attempts to hinder the catcher from fielding the ball.

Sec. 2. If, having made a fair Hit while Batsman such fair hit ball be held by a Fielder, before touching the ground or any object other than the Fielder; Provided, it be not caught in a Fielder's hat or cap.

Sec. 3. If, when the Umpire has declared three strikes on him, while Batsman, the third strike ball be held by thy Catcher before touching the ground; Provided it be not caught in the Catcher's hat or cap, or touch some object other than the Catcher before being caught.

Sec. 4. If, after three strikes or a fair hit, he be touched with the ball in the hand of a Fielder before such Base Runner touches First Base.

Sec. 5. If after three strikes or a fair hit, the ball be securely held by a Fielder while touching First Base with any part of his person, before such Base Runner touches First Base.

Sec. 6. If, in running the last half of the distance from Home Base to First Base he runs outside the Three Feet Lines, as defined in Rule 8; except that he must do it so if necessary to avoid a Fielder attempting to field a batted ball, and in such case shall not be declared out.

Sec. 7. If, in running from First to Second Base, from Second to Third Base, or from Third to Home Base, he runs more than three feet from a direct line between such bases to avoid being touched by the ball in the hands of a Fielder; but in case a Fielder be occupying a Base Runner's proper Path, attempting to field a batted ball, then the Base Runner shall run out of the path, and shall not be declared out for so doing.

Sec. 8. If he fails to avoid a Fielder attempting to field a batted ball, in the manner prescribed in Sections 6 and 7 of this Rule; or if he, in any way, obstructs a Fielder attempting to field a batted ball, or intentionally interferes with a thrown ball; Provided that if two or more Fielders attempt to field a batted ball, and the Base Runner comes in contact with one or more of them, the Umpire shall determine which Fielder is entitled to the benefit of this rule, and shall not decide the Base Runner out for coming in contact with any other Fielder.

Sec. 9. If, at any time while the ball is in play, he be touched by the ball in the hands of a Fielder, unless some part of his person is touching a base he is entitled to occupy; Provided, the ball be held by the Fielder after touching him; but-exception as to First Base - in running to first Base, he may overrun said base without being put out for being off said base, after first touching it, provided he returns at once and retouches the base, after which he may be put out as at any other base. If, in overrunning First Base, he also attempts to run Second Base, or, after passing the base he turns to his left from the foul line, he shall forfeit such exemption from being put out.

Sec. 10. If, when a Fair or Foul Hit ball is legally caught by a Fielder, such ball is legally held by a Fielder on the base occupied by the Base Runner when such ball was struck - or the Base Runner be touched with the Ball n the hands of a Fielder - before he retouches said base after such Fair or Foul Hit ball was so caught; Provided, that the Base runner shall not be out in such case, if, after the ball was legally caught as above, it be delivered to the bat by the Pitcher before the Fielder holds it on said base, or touches the Base Runner with it; but if a Base Runner in attempting to reach a base, detaches it before being touched or forced out he shall be declared safe.

Sec. 11. If, when a Batsman becomes a Base Runner, the First Base, or the First and Second Bases, or the First, Second and Third Bases, be occupied, any Base runner so occupying a base shall cease to be entitled to hold it, until any following Base Runner is put out and may be put out at the next base or by being touched by the ball in the hands of a Fielder in the same manner as in running to First Base, at any time before any following Base Runner is put out.

Sec. 12. If a Fair Hit ball strikes him before touching the fielder and in such case no base shall be run unless forced by the Batsman becoming a Base Runner, and no run shall be scored.

Sec. 13. If when running to a base or forced to return to a base, he fails to touch the intervening base or bases, if any, in the order prescribed in rule 43, he may be put out at the base he fails to touch, or by being touched by the ball in the hands of a Fielder, in the same manner as in running to First Base.

Sec. 14. If, when the Umpire calls "Play," after any suspension in the game, he fails to return to and touch the base he occupied when "Time" was called before touching the next base.

When Batsman or Base Runner is Out.

RULE 47. The Umpire shall declare the Batsman or Base Runner out, without waiting for an appeal for such decision, in all cases where such player is put out in accordance with these rules, except as provided in Rule 46, Sections 10 and 14.

The Rules: 1890 Players' National League of Base Ball Clubs Continued

The Rules of the Game: A Compilation of the Rules of Baseball 1845–1900